1. which引导的定语从句，which用法的区别？

which引导定语从句

This is my house, which)is small and old. 这是我的房子,它又小又旧.He is studying economics, (which subject) is very important. 他正在学习经济学, 该学科是很重要的.

in which适用于引导从句中缺失地点状语的句子。

比如:This is the place in which heused to stay.

in which 只能用在定语从句中，等于where,在定语从句中作状语in which可以翻译成在……里面

The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

= The school in which he once studied is very famous.

2. 定语从句which前的介词怎么选？

介词的选择是根据从句的动词决定的，不及物动词后要跟介词

①of which相当于定语whose，后加名词，相当于是一个形容词。

eg：There are many books in the shelf, of which/whose covers are old.

书架上有许多封面陈旧的书。

②，in which相当于疑问词where，是对地点名词的修饰。

如：The book （in which/where there are many stories） in his.

这本有许多故事的书是他的

③on which相当于特殊疑问词when，是对时间的修饰。

如：I will never forget the best time when/on which we enjoyed ourselves.

④，for which相当于疑问词why，是对原因的修饰。

如：I don't the reason why/for which he was late.

我不知道他迟到的原因

⑤at which相当于疑问词how，是对方式名词的修饰

介词➕which/whom引导的定语从句+长难句打卡Day1



“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。

例如：

The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher.

=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.

一、基本构成

1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人) ，即：介词+which/whom。

（1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.

（2）The city in which she lives is far away.

（3）The little girl is reading a book, in which there are many cartoons.

注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。

2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。如：

（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher.

（2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away.

注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如： look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。

This is the pen that / which you are looking for.

The patient whom she is looking after is her father.

The words that /which we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard.

There are fifty patients who/whom/that we must take good care of.

3. which引导的定语从句？

如果把这个句子重新安排一下，你就能看出into which的语法意义了：

We never cease to stand like curious children before the great mystery. We were born into this great mystery.

into which 中的介词 into 的实际宾语是 the great mystery，而which是用来指代 the great mystery，其后的句子是一个后置定语从句。整个从句的语法解释是“介词引导的后置定语从句”。

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4. which从句的意思？

which引导定语从句。

which前面加介词时时在句子里做宾语。如果从句中是动词短语作谓语，打动词短语中的介词就可以前置，放在which前边。

例:I found that box in which my books were put.

在从句里应该是 My books were put in the box.

介词in便可以变在从句时前置。

以下是些定从的用法。

．词引导的定语从句

1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词

句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句

代替人 代替物 代替人或物

主语 Who which that

主语 Whom which that

宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)

例1：This is the detective who came from London.

例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

2．关系代词的用法

(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：

All the people that are present burst into tears.

(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：

(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：

There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.

(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：

He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.

(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。

(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。

(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。

(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：

The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.

(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：

Is there anyone here who will go with you?

3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构

(1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。

(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：

We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..

(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：

This is the boy whom she has taken care of.

二．关系副词引导的定语从句

1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句

关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。

2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因

That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。

三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1．二者差异比较

限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。

2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据

(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。

3. 先行词与定语从句隔离

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：

1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..

2) He was the only person in this country who was invited

四．As在定语从句中的用法

1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

（1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。

（2）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：

The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.

3）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。

2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置

as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：

(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.

(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone

5. 引导的定语从句？

on which引导的是一个定语从句,用介词+关系代词的形式来引导,介词的选用一般是要根据从句中的动词固定搭配而定,就像这一题从句的动词的固定句型为be based on……,先行词是folk knowledge!

6. which后加被动怎么加？

当 which 引导定语从句时，如果句子是从句的主动语态，则 which 后面不需要加被动结构。但如果从句是被动语态，则 which 在从句中充当主语，并需要加上 be 动词构成被动语态，例如：

The book which is written in English is very interesting.（用英文写的那本书非常有趣。）

The house which was robbed was broken into.（被抢劫的那栋房子被闯入了。）

在这个例子中，which 引导的定语从句是被动语态，因此需要加上 be 动词构成被动语态。

7. which引导定语从句？

例句：

He signed an agreement under which he would be entitled to a commission on sales. 他签订了一项协议,这可使他获得销售佣金

例句：

The earth is， however， very different from the moon， which the American astronauts have found to be without life or vegetation， whereas our earth is very much alive in every respect.

实际上地球与月球有很大的不同。美国宇航员发现，地球上没有生命，没有植物生长，而地球在各个方面都生机勃勃。

语法：which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰the moon

只能用which，不用that的情况： 1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that. What’s that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ 2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that. This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that. Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。